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Contextual Masking of Oriented Lines: Interactions between Surface Segmentation Cues

机译：定向线的上下文掩蔽：表面分割线索之间的相互作用

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摘要

The ability of human observers to detect and discriminate a single feature of a visual image deteriorates markedly when the targeted feature is surrounded by others of a similar kind. This perceptual masking is mirrored by the suppressive effects of surround stimulation on the responses of neurons in primary visual cortex (area V1). Both perceptual and neuronal masking effects are partially relieved, however, if the targeted image feature is distinguished from surrounding features along some dimension, such as contour orientation. Masking relief is likely to play an important role in perceptual segmentation of complex images. Because dissimilar surfaces usually differ along multiple feature dimensions, we tested the possibility that those differences may influence segmentation in an invariant manner. As expected, we found that the presence of surrounding features resulted in perceptual masking and neuronal response suppression in area V1, but that either orientation or contrast polarity differences between th e target and surrounding features was sufficient to partially relieve these effects. Simultaneous differences along both dimensions, however, yielded no greater relief from masking than did either difference alone. Although the averaged neuronal effects of orientation polarity cues were thus invariant, the time course over which these effects emerged after each stimulus appearance was different for the two cues. These findings refine our understanding of the functions of nonclassical receptive fields, and they support a key role for V1 neurons in surface segmentation.
机译：当目标特征被相似类型的其他特征包围时，人类观察者检测和辨别视觉图像的单个特征的能力会明显下降。环绕刺激对初级视觉皮层（区域V1）中神经元反应的抑制作用反映了这种知觉掩盖。但是，如果将目标图像特征与周围特征沿某个维度（例如轮廓方向）区分开，则感知和神经元掩蔽效果都会部分缓解。掩盖浮雕可能在复杂图像的感知分割中起重要作用。由于不相似的曲面通常沿多个特征尺寸会有所不同，因此我们测试了这些差异可能以不变的方式影响分割的可能性。如预期的那样，我们发现周围特征的存在导致区域V1中的感知掩盖和神经元反应抑制，但是目标和周围特征之间的方向或对比度极性差异足以部分缓解这些影响。但是，在两个方向上同时出现差异，掩盖不会比单独产生任何差异更大。尽管定向极性提示的平均神经元作用因此是不变的，但是对于每种提示，在每次刺激出现后这些效果出现的时间过程是不同的。这些发现完善了我们对非经典感受野功能的理解，它们支持V1神经元在表面分割中的关键作用。

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